At the United Nations Climate Summit 2025, China announced a new round of nationally determined contributions, pledging that by 2035, net greenhouse gas emissions across the entire economy will fall by 7–10 percent from their peak. The package also aims for non-fossil fuels to exceed 30 percent of energy use, a more than sixfold expansion of wind and solar capacity versus 2020—with a stretch goal of 3.6 billion kilowatts—forest stock of at least 24 billion cubic metres, and the mainstreaming of new-energy vehicles and a national carbon market covering major high-emission sectors.

Economists say reaching these targets will require a faster energy transition, industrial upgrading, and shifts in consumption. They highlight three priorities: scaling up renewables; greening high-energy industries through innovation and policy; and cultivating green consumption so that low-carbon lifestyles spread.

Li Gao, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said the plan is China’s first economy-wide absolute reduction target covering all greenhouse gases, and that it signals China’s continued resolve to act on climate while adding certainty to global climate efforts.